This paper examines the behavior of transportation costs associated with U.S. imports from Canada. In particular, it evaluates whether transportation costs for U.S. imports from Canada increased in the post-9/11 period, thereby contributing to a “thickening†of the Canada-U.S. border....

Using references in Swedish patent data, we examine foreign technology sourcing in Swedish multidimensional enterprises (MNEs) and non-multinational small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The results show that both types of firms are more likely to make references to countries with large...

The purpose of this paper is to identify, using the framework of a statistical model, the extent to which policy changes in Canada specifically directed toward inward foreign direct investment (FDI) have influenced both capital outflows to Canada and capital outflows from Canada. The paper adds...

Since its inception, Canada’s Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA) has been criticized for applying its criteria for screening reviewable foreign direct investments in an inconsistent manner. This paper evaluates the consistency of FIRA’s review process over time, using published data on...