Developing countries required under the WTO TRIPs agreement to provide some intellectual property protection for plants are choosing Plant Breeders' Rights (PBR). TRIPs specifies only an “effective sui generis system” without further clarification. This article develops an “effective”...

Pre- and post-release adoption studies for rBST are evaluated for insights into improving ex ante projection methodologies. The conclusion is drawn that user surveys can provide reasonable projections, but the following factors require consideration. The sigmoid curve fits the data well, but the...

"The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of Plant Variety Protection (PVP) on the productive merit/yield increases of US seed varieties. As an example, we use wheat varieties, which are and have been available as both protected and unprotected under PVP from both the public and...