A methodology is presented for jointly optimizing the wind turbine specific rating and the storage configuration for a large-scale wind farm coupled to compressed air energy storage (CAES). By allowing the wind-storage system to be optimized in an integrated, variable rating framework the...

A 15-yr research program is reviewed which features field measurements of the energy performance of buildings. Focused studies have been conducted in detached houses, in apartment buildings, and in office buildings; in all cases, physical models developed in the absence of measurement have been...

We compile a database of energy uses, energy sources, and carbon dioxide emissions for the USA for the period 1850-2002. We use a model to extrapolate the missing observations on energy use by sector. Overall emission intensity rose between 1850 and 1917, and fell between 1917 and 2002. The...

Many forecasts show industrial energy use growing rapidly in industrial countries. These forecasts do not adequately take into account the diminishing importance of basic materials use in the economies of mature industrial societies, the emerging shift of production based on virgin materials to...

Because of ongoing structural shifts to less energy-intensive activities in the economy and opportunities to make more efficient use of energy, it is technically and economically feasible to reduce U.S. per capita energy use by a factor of two while per capita GNP doubles, 1980–2020. Pursuit...

The economical possibilities for using energy more efficiently in all countries and the ongoing shifts to less energy-intensive economic activity in industrial countries indicate that economic goals can be met with far lower inputs of energy than is indicated by most projections of global energy...

Manne and Richels (Mann and Richels, 1990) have developed a useful modelling framework for evaluating the potential economic impacts of alternative strategies for coping with greenhouse warming. Their estimate is that the discounted present value of economic consumption losses arising from a 20%...