This paper considers how a tax on financial transactions could be applied to three broad and partially overlapping categories of financial instruments: (1) exchange-traded instruments; (2) over-the-counter instruments; and, (3) foreign exchange instruments. For each category, the paper examines...

This study uses factor analysis to simplify the complex relationships among stock markets and to reduce the number of markets required for portfolio construction. Our sample consists of the US and 11 Asia-Pacific stock markets. We find that the reduced portfolio obtained from factor analysis has...

This research addresses an important problem in finance, which is the portfolio selection and management problem. Modern portfolio theory and Markowitz efficient frontier start with a set of assets (securities) and generate an optimal weight combination for the optimal risky portfolio that lies...

This paper addresses the problem of portfolio selection under a multifactor asset return model, using Bayesian analysis to deal with uncertainties in parameter estimation and model specification. These sources of error are ignored in the classical mean-variance method. We apply two approaches:...

This 2004 Article IV Consultation highlights that economic activity has been gathering speed in Estonia. Year-over-year growth accelerated to 6.8 percent in 2004 Q1 from 5.8 percent in 2003 Q1, driven by domestic demand and supported by technology sector exports. Inflation accelerated in the...

A healthy and dynamic financial sector is essential to achieving high and sustainable economic growth in the Maghreb region-Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, and Tunisia. Financial integration within the Maghreb region will help deepen financial markets, increase their efficiency, and enhance...

A review of the experience of five developing countries in reforming their financial systems illustrates the benefits and risks, and provides lessons on the factors which contribute to successful financial sector reforms. Financial sector reforms need to be supported by active monetary policy,...

We examine the short- and long-run effects of financial liberalization on capital markets. To do so, we construct a new comprehensive chronology of financial liberalization in 28 mature and emerging market economies since 1973. We also construct an algorithm to identify booms and busts in stock...