The significance of a common language in foreign trade hinges on translation as well as the ability to communicate … explain adequately the impact of a common language on foreign trade. Linguistic diversity at home also promotes foreign trade …. But the most significant linguistic influence of all on foreign trade is the ability to read and write any language …

This paper tests for one mechanism that can explain the existence of a language barrier to trade. Specifically, I ask … Canadian provinces that know the other's language(s). I find that trade in industries with a need to communicate directly … (orally) with importers increases with the probability that people in another province speak the same language. This finding …

gravity model estimation and G2PM for log-linear gravity model estimation. Exemplarily the estimators are applied to intra …

components of ethnicity – country of birth, race, skin color, language, and religion – among persons admitted to legal permanent …) Language is shed before religion, and religion may not be shed at all, except among the ultra highly skilled of EB-1. (4 …