Japan is inventing its way out of economic inertia that has existed for at least a decade. It is making some of the most radical changes in history to its assessment of valuing intangible assets and changing its attitudes to litigation. The speed of change in the field of intellectual property...

Different societies use different mechanisms to assist people or organizations achieve cooperation. The purpose of this paper is to compare three different approaches to achieving cooperation. They are a contractual approach widely used in Anglo-Saxon societies, a trust approach more common in...

In this paper theories concerning the compatability of Islamic religious cultural ideology with Western capitalist technology are reviewed and criticised. Some theorists argue that Islam is antithetical to the requirements of a modern industrialised society, while others view Islam as compatible...

The field of economics has been historically a discipline that emphasises men as the primary social actors within the economic sphere of the world and national developing economies. Although women make an extraordinary contribution given the paucity of economic resources available to them in...

Mainstream economics and development economics lacks a neutral cross-cultural model that may be applied to changing socioeconomic circumstances spanning historical periods at numerous levels. A combination modes theoretical model with a neutral methodology is suggested that may be used to assess...