Banks play a critical role in international trade by providing trade finance products that reduce the risk of exporting. This paper employs two new data sets to shed light on the magnitude and structure of this business, which, as we show, is highly concentrated in a few large banks. The two...

This study provides evidence that shocks to the supply of trade finance have a causal effect on U.S. exports. The identification strategy exploits variation in the importance of banks as providers of letters of credit across countries. The larger a U.S. bank’s share of the trade finance market...

Выявлены виды финансовых услуг, связанных с формой приобретения основных средств. Рассмотрены варианты покупки объекта основных средств через прямое...

Характеризуется форма расчета с помощью аккредитива, которая прочно вошла в практику внешней торговли. Аккредитив обеспечивает разумный компромисс между...

This study provides evidence that shocks to the supply of trade finance have a causal effect on U.S. exports. The identification strategy exploits variation in the importance of banks as providers of letters of credit across countries. The larger a U.S. bank’s share of the trade finance market...

It is estimated that over 80 percent of the goods sold on international market are carried by sea [1] and many times a bill of lading is required for cashing the letter of credit. The parties to the sale contract require that cargo is described as clear as possible and a certificate of quality...