In China, as in many developing countries, poverty is primarily a rural phenomenon. Considerable efforts have been made … over the last few decades to reduce poverty in China's rural areas; and indeed, the poverty rate in these areas has fallen …, and social implications in today's China. Given the well-documented correlation between landlessness and rural poverty …

"In its pursuit of poverty alleviation and development, China has charted its own path, suitable for its own conditions …, and an integrated development approach... Although China has made enormous progress in poverty alleviation and development …

"The reform experiences of China and India—similar in some ways and different in others—shed light on the enormous …

"Increased regional inequality has been a major concern in many emerging economies like China, India, Vietnam and … China. This snapshot view of inequality within and between rural villages in western China is based on a census …

The main contribution of the paper is to provide a framework within which the impacts of China's economic expansion on …