One of the most important and most contentious issues for regulation and competition raised by the 1996 Telecommunications Act is when to authorize the regional Bell companies to offer long-distance services. The Department of Justice (DOJ) adopted a standard requiring that a Bell's local market...

We consider the stochastic dynamics of constrained systems. It is shown that by expressing the Lagrange multipliers in terms of quantities that are local in time, exact and potentially useful dynamic equations of the Langevin, Fokker-Planck and Smoluchowskii equations are obtained. The equations...

Exact lower bound on the correlation function and susceptibility are obtained in terms of the quantity r∗=r0+(12u/(2π)d)∫ ddl〈ϕlϕ−l〉, where 〈ϕlϕ−l〉 are the exact averages. Further lower bounds are obtained on r∗, relating it to an exactly soluble model.

Considerable public resources are devoted to the establishment and operation of business incubators (BIs), which are seen as catalysts for the promotion of entrepreneurship, innovation activities, and regional development. Despite the vast amount of research that focused on the effectiveness of...

Systemic innovation theory emphasizes that innovations are the result of an interdependent exchange process between different organizations. This is reflected in the current paradigm in European innovation policy, which aims at the support of collaborative R&D and innovation projects bringing...