Economic growth and environmental protection can be experienced at the same time but they do not come automatically and without costs. The government has to play its own important role in the interest of society as a whole, that is, it has to set credible environmental targets first and then...

This paper focuses solely on the energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and economic growth nexus applying the iterative Bayesian shrinkage procedure. The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is tested using this method for the first time in this literature and the results...

This paper examines the relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Italy considering the developments in a 150-year time span. Using several statistical techniques, we find that GDP growth and carbon dioxide emissions are strongly interrelated, with a dramatic change of...

Previous studies in the environmental Kuznets curve have overlooked spatial interdependence and this could bias the estimates. This paper therefore addresses the issue of spatial interdependence in the environmental Kuznets curve by using panel data on European countries over the period of...

The past decade has seen a trend of accelerating environmental degradation such as increasing greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation and loss of biodiversity. Such patterns of environmental destruction have been driven by increased economic activity, of which Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has...

We study long run carbon emissions - income relationships for advanced countries grouped in policy relevant groups - North America and Oceania, South Europe, North Europe. By relying on recent advances on Generalized Additive Models and adopting interaction models, we handle simultaneously three...

Several studies investigating environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) relationship for biodiversity, suffer from limitations and the empirical evidence is inconclusive. More specifically, with few exceptions, the previous EKC studies for biodiversity looked into the diversity of a particular species...

In this paper, we study the impact of the economic growth on the environment. First, we show that, at each income level, eta determines the direction of environmental degradation, where eta is the elasticity of substitution between consumption and the environment. That is, for eta large enough,...