[eng] Many commodity markets satisfy the assumptions that underlie the Cournot model. These markets, however, have a feature that is not considered in that model - producers and consumers can enter into contracts for forward transactions. We consider the implications of forward trading for...

A model of pricing of natural-resource commodities that integrates financial and product markets is derived and tested. The model unifies two strands of the economic and financial literature: one that builds on the Hotelling model of pricing of exhaustible resources and the other that extends...

We assess how characteristics of product and forward markets affect levels and volatilities of commodity spot prices. We examine (i) how product market structure and forward market trading affect spot market games, (ii) the links between product market structure and spot price stability, (iii)...

We review the empirical literature that extends and tests the Hotelling model of the optimal depletion of an exhaustible resource. The theory is briefly described to set the stage for the review of empirical tests and applications. Those tests can be roughly divided into two broad...