Cross compliance has been introduced in the EU partly to improve compliance with pre-existing EU legislation in the Member States. Considerable effort has been put into implementing this instrument and the corresponding control systems. This presents an opportunity to assess factors for an...

Managing highly skilled employees is extremely complex because of the need to balance the costs and time lags associated with their training against the need to meet demand as quickly as possible. Unlike previous approaches to this problem in the staffing literature, this paper develops an...

It is shown that a method for the identification of deterministic systems derived from the Kalman filter is related to a gradient technique of parameter estimation and that the range of problems to which the gradient method may be applied is thereby extended. Various versions of the...