The notions of embeddedness and tacit knowledge are often used in the theories explaining spatial proximity effects in the relations between academic research and firms. Even if the two notions have a close origin (they have been defined by two brothers, Karl and Michael POLANYI), they imply...

This study analyses the geographic structure of the relations between the academic laboratories and the firms, using as a basis the contracts between the CNRS laboratories and their industrial partners (firms and some state technological organizations). This analysis makes evident that the...

The aim of this article is to broaden the notion of « local productive system » beyond the specific case of "districts" of small firms specialized in traditional products. I use the criterion of the existence of cooperations that coexist with competition relations within a set of firms of a...

Social embeddedness appears to be a promising way to analyze knowledge collaborations, notably to better understand their build up and their spatial patterns. Nevertheless, measurement problems and an over-territorialized conception of the notion exist. When studying the formation of these...

In 1993, Revue d?Economie Régionale et Urbaine published a special issue on Proximity Dynamics in which several scholars proposed a first distinctive approach between geographical proximity and organized proximity to provide clearer explanations on the spatial dimension of economic activities....

[eng] Generally, the notion of embeddedness is used to suggest that some kind of economic activity depends on social structures, and especially on social networks. But, where do social relations come from ? Several studies of social networks show that personal relations are most of the times...

Most current scientific policies incorporate debates on cities and the geographic organisation of scientific activity. Research on ‘world cities’ develops the idea that interconnected agglomerations can better take advantage of international competition. Thus, the increasing...

The notion of proximity is increasing in popularity in economic and geographic literature, and is now commonly used by scholars in regional science and spatial economics. Few academic works, however, have explored the link between regional development and proximity relations. This comprehensive...