A choice criterion is proposed for discriminating between disaggregate and aggregate models estimated by the instrumental variables method. The criterion, based on prediction errors, represents a generalization of criteria developed in the context of classical regressions models. The paper also...

This paper discusses alternative methods of testing for aggregation bias and proposes direct tests of the discrepancy of the macroparameters from the average of the corresponding microparameters, and derives tests of aggregation bias in the general case where the parameters of interest may...

A multisectoral union-firm model of wage-setting is developed to analyze intersectoral interactions that take place through expectations of outside wage opportunities in the economy as a whole. The technical issues involved in the solution and estimation of models of this type are discussed,...

This paper focuses on whether to use macro or micro equations to predict aggregate variables. The Grunfeld-Griliches prediction criterion is generalized to allow for contemporaneous covariances across the micro equations and for parametric restrictions on the disaggregate equations. An...

The process by which agents form expectations on price and cost inflation is investigated. Measures of expectations of these series, derived from qualitative survey responses in nine industrial sectors covering U.K. manufacturing between 1972 and 1989, are described, and the rationality of these...

This paper discusses the ?structural cointegrating VAR? approach to macroeconometric modelling and compares it to other approaches currently followed in the literature, namely, the large-scale simultaneous equation macroeconometric models, the structural VARs, and the dynamic stochastic general...

In this paper, the Kalman filter method is applied to UK Phillips-curve models and estimates are derived for the NAIRU from 1973 to 2000. The resulting profiles suggest that the NAIRU peaked around the mid-1980s and fell back thereafter. Structural changes in the labour market have reduced...

During the second half of the 1990s the US economy was characterised as the Goldilocks economy: not too hot, nor too cold, but just right. It was argued that this represented a new paradigm, enabling unemployment to remain low without igniting inflationary pressure. In this paper the evidence...

This paper derives a distribution free procedure for testing the accuracy of forecasts when the focus of the analysis is on the correct prediction of the direction of change in the variable under consideration. The test applies to a general m x n contingency table and it is shown that the...