A recurring problem confronting marketing operatives at all levels is assessing the impact of market disturbances. The disturbances may be caused by marketing mix manipulations of the firm itself, by its competitors or by fundamental external changes in the environment in which the firm...

In this paper an investigation is made of the properties and use of two aggregate measures of forecast bias and accuracy. These are metrics used in business to calculate aggregate forecasting performance for a family (group) of products. We find that the aggregate measures are not particularly...

By approaching capability from the point of view of process loss similar to Cpm , Johnson (1992) provided the expected relative loss Le to consider the proximity of the target value. Putting the loss in relative terms, a user needs only to specify the target and the distance from the target at...

The demands for alternative energy resources have been increasing exponentially in the 21st century due to continuous industrial development, depletion of fossil fuels and emerging environmental consciousness. Renewable energy sources, including wind energy, hydropower energy, geothermal energy,...

The Maximum Benefit Chinese Postman Problem (MBCPP) is a practical generalization of the classical Chinese Postman Problem (CPP), which has many real-world applications. In this paper, we consider the MBCPP on undirected networks, and show that the MBCPP is more complex than the Rural Postman...

The process capability index Cpk has been widely used in manufacturing industry to provide numerical measures of process potential and performance. As noted by many quality control researchers and practitioners, Cpk is yield-based and is independent of the target T. This fails to account for...

Johnson (1992) developed the process loss index Le, which is defined as the ratio of the expected quadratic loss to the square of half specification width. Tsui (1997) expressed the index LeasLe=Lpe+Lot, which provides an uncontaminated separation between information concerning the potential...