When two countries starting from different quality levels (reflecting different conditions on domestic market demands) open to trade, two possible equilibria arise. In the first, the quality leader maintains its position. In the second, leapfrogging occurs. However, the latter is possible only...

Cities are the cradle of a wide range of cultural, social, and technological innovations that are at the heart of modern economic growth and development. Half of humanity today lives in cities but, until the last two decades, economists have paid much less attention to cities than have other...

The strategic incentives, with respect to the choice of price policy in spatial competition, are analyzed in a duopoly model. Price discrimination emerges as the unique equilibriu m outcome in games with either simultaneous choice of policy and pric e or sequential choice where firms may commit...

The authors examine first mover advantages in a new product market with sequential entry. Effort is necessary to learn how to use new products and consumers are assumed to differ in their ability to expend such effort. The authors consider the intertemporal pricing strategy of the first entrant...

The authors consider the implications of game-theoretic models for the competitive or collusive nature of basing point pricing. In one-shot games, equilibrium price schedules do not generally conform to basing point pricing with unrestricted price competition. Nevertheless, basing point pricing...