combination of purchased and own care, the effect of income on fertility is ambiguous, even if quantity of children is a normal … income effect on fertility is positive when quantity is a normal good. (iii) If, on the other hand, there only is own care …, there is a different kind of quantity–quality trade–off. The income effect on fertility is positive if quantity is a closer …

combination of purchased and own care, the effect of income on fertility is ambiguous, even if quantity of children is a normal … income effect on fertility is positive when quantity is a normal good. (iii) If, on the other hand, there only is own care …, there is a different kind of quantity-quality trade-off. The income effect on fertility is positive if quantity is a closer …

The interaction between investment in children’s education and parental fertility is crucial in recent theories of the … significant negative causal effect of education on fertility, which is robust to accounting for spatial autocorrelation. The …

The emergence of old-age social security has been linked to general fertility decline, and in recent years pension … reforms have emerged as a response to the challenges of population ageing, in turn partially a consequence of fertility … decline. Understanding the link between social security and low fertility is therefore very important. In this paper we …