personal cost, for the violation of a widely-held norm (for example, don’t free ride). Social reciprocity differs from … reciprocity because social reciprocators punish all norm violators, regardless of group affiliation or whether or not the punisher … intervention. To understand this phenomenon, we define social reciprocity as the act of demonstrating ones disapproval, at some …

altruism. Instead, we posit that social reciprocity is a triggered normative response. Our experiment confirms the existence of …We define social reciprocity as the act of demonstrating one's disapproval, at some personal cost, for the violation of … widely-held norms (e.g., don't free ride). Social reciprocity differs from standard notions of reciprocity because social …

people punish norm violators indiscriminately explains punishment best. We also show that social reciprocity can evolve in a … each theory and se behavioral data from surveys and experiments to show that the theory called social reciprocity in which …

report on the results of an experiment designed to evaluate two distinct explanations for this phenomenon, indignation and … group reciprocity. We find evidence in favor of both, with the caveat that the incidence of indignation-driven sanctions is …

report on the results of an experiment designed to evaluate two distinct explanations for this phenomenon, indignation and … group reciprocity. We find evidence in favor of both, with the caveat that the incidence of indignation-driven sanctions is …

nature. We discuss the forces that would have acted for and against the evolution of this ability for a large class of …

for in-group members may counteract this effect. We test this model with a lab experiment. With homogeneous in …