The ratio (RMR) is the standard measure of sex differentials in mortality. It is commonly known that the RMR was historically small and increased throughout the 20th century. However, numerical properties might account for the trend in the RMR rather than sex differences in risk factors. In this...

The retail industry has been employing more graduates in recent years but unfortunately, it has been met with limited success. The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical perspective to the employment of graduates in the retail industry by firstly examining the nature of retail work and...

The correlation and controllability of money supply as the intermediate object of monetary policy is gradually weakening, the argument that interest rate substitutes the money supply for the alternative object is hotly discussed. According to the Taylor rule and its extensions, this paper has a...

This Paper Extends a Model of a Three-Person Hierarchy Developed by Tyrole (1986) to the Case of Fiscal Or Military Bureaucraties. It Is Demonstrated That a Decrease in Economies of Scale in the Application of Military Force Results in a Contraction of Territorial Boundaries and an Expansion of...

This study uses the example of the German cooperatives to test one hypothesis often advanced by advocates of microcredit institutions: that cooperatives succeeded because they overcame problems caused by asymmetric information and enforcement problems in credit markets.