structure, contestability, inter-industry competition, and institutional and macro economic conditions. This analysis provides …

This article examines recent market behaviour of EU airlines. After a short descrip- tion of the EU liberalization … process the article continues to analyze the network related cost characteristics of airlines in the deregulated U.S. domestic … internal market. Different developments in network restructuring of EU airlines are described, indicating the first steps …

the ways in which banks compete. Using cross-country data from surveys of firms and banks and a measure of contestability … very low levels of contestability an increase in contestability increases small firm use of bank finance, for most … observations of contestability in the sample, an increase in contestability produces the opposite result. This also holds for …