This paper argues that all historical data series should be accompanied by formal estimates of their margins of error. We discuss the nature of errors in data series and review earlier attempts to assess their reliability. We show how overall margins of error may be calculated for historical...

In many developing countries, households rely heavily on woodfuels (firewood and charcoal) as their main source of energy for cooking and heating. The internal trade in woodfuels is often sizable. African governments now collect stumpage fees of $30 million a year for fuelwood and charcoalwood,...

This paper presents new estimates of nominal earnings, the cost of living earnings for manual workers in Great Britain over the period 1770 to 1870. The estimates are adjusted to allow for unemployment and for the inclusion of agricultural workers in Ireland. The series are then analyzed to...

The article examines long-run trends in the distribution of wealth. It shows that in the period from the late 1930s to the late 1970s there was an equalizing of the distribution on a striking and unprecedented scale, but that this was not subsequently sustained. For marketable net wealth the...

The central theme of this paper is the process of structural change which occurred during the twentieth century in the leading industrial nations. The massive scale of the changes in all these countries is first illustrated by reference to the reallocation of the labour force between...

The Review is pleased to give hospitality to the deliberations of the CLARE Group but is not necessarily in agreement with the views expressed. Members of the CLARE Group are M. J. Artis, A. J. C. Britton, W. A. Brown, C. H. Feinstein, C. A. E. Goodhart, D. A. Hay, J. A. Kay, R. C. O. Matthews,...