A firm's cost of capital used in discounted cash flow analysis is commonly calculated as a weighted average of the after tax costs of the firm's various sources of financing (equity, debt, preferred stock). Its use implies that for investment projects earning precisely the WACC the cash (in)flow...

“[U]nder competition, the rate of return on investment tends toward equality in all industries.” Introductory and intermediate microeconomics textbooks are sketchy in explaining how capital is allocated by financial markets. Capital budgeting techniques, primarily net present value, deserve...

In this journal [Miller, R. A. (2009). The weighted average cost of capital is not quite right. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 49, 128-138], I argued that the standard WACC formula is inadequate in most circumstances to reward stockholders and bondholders where the necessary cash...