After 1949 China's welfare system developed on the basis of a status division between urban and rural residents. Urban and rural societies were profoundly influenced by the respective organization of their welfare systems, which shared the feature of being fixed to specific places (rural) or...

Chinese economic reforms have profoundly changed the scale at which things get done. Much of the existing literature on scale has concentrated on the politics of rescaling from above. Less has been written about rescaling initiatives from below, the focus of this study. It distinguishes three...

This paper addresses the design of empirical tests to distinguish between two competing explanations of wage and employment determination in unionized labour markets, the labour-demand and efficient-contract models. We argue that most of the tests employed are restrictive, propose an alternative...

Empirical work on strikes has tended primarily to concern itself with the strike incidence, with the recurring finding that strikes occur procyclically. Less attendion has been paid to strike duration and the cyclical fluctuations it might display, although a variety of theoretical models have...

[eng] Price of farmland in England and Wales rose ninefold between 1955 and 1975 and well over tenfold between 1955 and the peak value £1,450 par hectare reached in 1974. Anyone buying land at any time from 1945 onwards and holding it for five years would never have failed to make a gain. . It...

The authors examine cyclicality of strike frequency and incidence using Canadian data on strikes and contracts. Total strike frequency exhibits significant procyclicality, to which within-contract strikes contribute appreciably. Evidence is weaker for procyclical behavior of contract-expiry...