Probing a die-hard traffic congestion controversy, this paper scrutinizes two key variables, density and flow, under equilibrium versus optimal states.

Although the world and its global economy become more and more integrated with each passing year, not all the correlated increase in trade could be unambiguously be called free trade. A significant share of world trade growth in the past generation has occured with state guided economies of...

We have analysed the impact of price and other uncertainties on Hartwick's rule. It is well known, by the rule that the consumption level for a source exporting small open economy is kept constant over time as far as the economy extracts the resource competitively under given world price and...