The following paper is a theoretical and empirical study of the determinants of international indebtedness of developing countries. I will argue that indebtedness is a divelopment determined phenomenon and an intrinsic tendency of capitalist development during the stage of the...

The study of economic development in the Third World has been dominated by the comparison of import-substitution industrialization (ISI) and export-led industrialization as two "alternative strategies' of development. Using the theory of the internationalization of capital and Marx's expanded...

The main focus of this paper is to study Iran's current socioeconomic crisis in relation to its role in the postwar international division of labor and the particular policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the 1980s. Iran's crisis is a product of the dialectical relationship between what I...

This paper is an attempt to analyze and contrast the model of the socialist labor process in Marx and Lenin. It demonstrates that Marx's theory of socialism is closely intertwined with his theory of liberation. For Marx, freedom is an act of self-emancipation, and socialism is the voluntary...

Market economists are thought to wield tremendous power-not only over financial markets but over governments that stray from the 'market way'. Still, there is mystery about what economists think, and how they form their judgements. This article reports results from a survey of over 50 financial...