In the minimum cost spanning tree model we consider decentralized pricing rules, i.e. rules that cover at least the efficient cost while the price charged to each user only depends upon his own connection costs. We define a canonical pricing rule and provide two axiomatic characterizations....

The post-Kyoto negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have produced significant results such as the Bali Roadmap, Copenhagen Accord and Cancun Agreement, and clarified parties' plans for long-term emissions mitigation. This paper presents the...

The Convention on Biological Diversity stipulates the principle of incremental cost for the international financing of biodiversity conservation. The international debate about the exact meaning of the concept and about its practical application focuses on the issues of baseline determination...

Large-scale wind power transmission presents the power system with several challenges. The determination of the transmission tariff and the cost-sharing issue are potential obstacles which may influence the development of wind power. This paper analyses the incremental cost to the power system...

Despite potential benefits from Medicare, many Filipinos are indifferent, if not hostile to the program due to the perceived widespread corruption and red tape in the processing of claims. Hence, economic evaluation of Medicare is necessary for the identification of the strengths and weaknesses...

This article addresses the restructuration of the utilities sector/industry, a process generally described as deregulation. At the core of deregulation processes, not only in the EU, but also in the US, lies the replacement of old-fashioned forms of state regulation based on ownership control by...

Zimbabwe’s urban systems are ‘bleeding’ as explained by the many years of economic instability with Harare being the worst affected city given its primacy. Yet, little effort, if any, has been invested in trying to understand to the extent to which the colonially-set cross-subsidisation...