In this context, higher education as well as research and development (R&D) have long since ceased to be purely the domain of the developed Western economies. Numerous regions of the world, some in the emerging markets in particular – the often-cited BRIC countries – are catching...

The history of the global oil industry is essential to understand the rise of multinational enterprises. Petrobras, in particular, has started to exploit in international markets the world-class technology it developed to exploit deepwater oil fields. PDVSA, on the other hand, has focused its...

A number of recent works point towards open innovation as a new imperative for innovation management. Within more traditional and conservative high-tech sectors such as aerospace, however, the literature on open innovation is fairly limited, even more so in the context of emerging economies....

The size of equity markets in emerging economies increased very significantly over the past decade both in absolute terms and as a share of global equity markets. Emerging equity markets also account for a rising share of global equity issuance. In large part, this growth has been spurred by...

Embraer, a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer, has transformed itself after privatisation in 1992 to become a world market leader in a high-tech industry traditionally dominated by OECD-based companies. In recent years Embraer has also become an aggressive foreign investor and took over Portugal's...