The status quo of the violation of migrant workers’ interests is analyzed, the results are not so optimistic. The overall situation of migrant workers’ training rights is poor; migrant workers ’rights to enjoy legal holiday are seriously violated; the working conditions and...

Molecular distillation was used to separate bio-oil into a light fraction, a middle fraction and a heavy fraction. The chemical composition of the three fractions and the crude bio-oil was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The diversity of the components...

Consider a firm that sells products over repeated seasons, each of which includes a full-price period and a markdown period. The firm may deliberately understock products in the markdown period to induce high-value customers to purchase early at full price. Customers cannot perfectly anticipate...

Gallego et al. [Gallego, G., G. Iyengar, R. Phillips, A. Dubey. 2004. Managing flexible products on a network. CORC Technical Report TR-2004-01, Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, Columbia University, New York.] recently proposed a choice-based deterministic linear...

This article tests for the random walk hypothesis in the four Chinese stock markets of Shanghai "A," Shanghai "B," Shenzhen "A," and Shenzhen "B" and explores the impact of the market liberalization that occurred in 2001 on the efficiency of these markets. Empirical results show that the market...

For semi-infinite programming (SIP), we consider a class of smoothed penalty functions, which approximate the exact $$l_\rho (0\rho \le 1)$$ penalty functions. On base of the smoothed penalty function, we present a feasible penalty algorithm for solving SIP. Without any boundedness condition or...

For inequality constrained optimization problem, we show the existence of local saddle point of generalized augmented Lagrangian under weak second-order sufficient conditions which are weaker than the second-order sufficient conditions in the literature. We further discuss the existence of...

The article focuses on the leverage effect modeling as a form of stochastic processes through the volatility model. It states that leverage effect is characterized by a subsequent stock price dropping and increase in volatility. It mentions that the first model that describes the volatility and...

We first review the literature on rural household energy consumption. China's household energy consumption is studied, based on a large household-energy survey. The consumption of fuels is determined by income, resource availability, household size, and coal prices. The feasibility of...