Consider these phenomena: <ul> <li>Savers at surplus countries are often ¡°penalized¡± by astronomical consumer prices, while spenders at debtor countries enjoy bargain basement prices;</li> <li>Silicon Valley continues to be the global leader in R&D and innovation despite chaos in public finance; and</li> <li>Surplus...</li></ul>

The recent financial crisis has prompted academia, country authorities, and international bodies to study quantitative tools to monitor the financial system, especially systemic risk measures. This paper aims to outline these measures and apply them to Japanfs financial system. The paper...