Constant, Amelie; Gataullina, Liliya; Zimmermann, Klaus F. - DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) - 2006
The European Union's strategy to raise employment is confronted with very low work participation among many minority … and host country ethnicity to explain that deficit. It introduces a two-dimensional understanding of ethnic identity, as a … immigrants. Using unique German survey data, the paper identifies marked gender differences in the effects of ethnic …