This paper studies whether in Pakistan the dynamic behavior of unemployment, inflation, budget deficit and real GDP growth is systematically affected by the timing of elections. We cover the period from 1973-2009. Our results can be summarized as follows: 1. Unemployment tends to be lower in...

Aggregate votes for incumbent parties in post-war Germany were determined by the weighted-average growth of real per capita disposable income. Each percentage point of per capita real disposable income growth sustained over the legislative term yielded approximately two percentage points of...

This paper studies whether in Pakistan the dynamic behaviour of unemployment, inflation, budget deficit and real GDP growth is systematically affected by the timing of elections. We cover the period from 1973-2009. Our results can be summarised as follows: (1) Unemployment tends to be lower in...

Romer (1993) postulates a hypothesis that inflation is lower in small and open economies. In this paper we test this hypothesis for Pakistan economy using annual time series data for the period 1973-2005. We find that besides the conventional explanatory variables like real GDP growth, monetary...

This paper is part of efforts to develop macroeconometric model for Pakistan (MMP). This paper is an initial attempt to develop a small size macroeconometric model to foresee the effects of monetary policy through forecasting and simulations. We present the basic structure of macroeconometric...

The purpose of this study is to investigate various factors (uncertainty, corporate social disclosure and stakeholder) those impact the selection of financial management practices. Further, this study attempts to investigate the impact of financial management practices and earnings management on...

The purpose of this study determines the cause related marketing practices in Fast Moving Consumer Goods industry. Further this study investigates the relationship among the determinants of CRM and demographic variables. The sample size of this study was 629. The concern respondents were the...

In Pakistan, only annual estimates of national accounts are available officially. Although quarterly real gross domestic product has been estimated by some studies like Kemal & Arby (2004) and Bengaliwala (1995), no attempt has been made so far to estimate quarterly gross fixed capital formation...

This paper shows why and when a government responds to interest group’s pressure for protection in the election period. The result explains how free trade and protectionism succeed one another. The model considered is a two country differential game with both pro-protectionist interest groups...