primitives such as sanction intensity, disutility of silence and size of the minority group. A dynamic extension sheds light on …

hypothesize that egalitarian distribution norms and cooperation norms apply in our experiments, and that third parties, whose … economic payoff is unaffected by the norm violation, may be willing to enforce these norms although the enforcement is costly … punishment increased the more the norm was violated. Likewise, up to roughly 60% of the third parties punished violations of the …

hypothesize that egalitarian distribution norms and cooperation norms apply in our experiments, and that third parties, whose … economic payoff is unaffected by the norm violation, may be willing to enforce these norms although the enforcement is costly … for them. Almost two-thirds of the third parties indeed punish the violation of the distribution norm and their punishment …

Two central puzzles about social norms are how they are enforced and how they are created or modified. The sanctions …-costly. Problems in creating and enforcing norms are related to which sanctions are employed. We use our analysis of enforcement and … creation of norms to analyze the scope of feasible government action either to promote desirable norms or to repress …

We report data from public goods games showing that privately-implemented punishment reduces cooperation in relation to … a baseline treatment without punishment. When that same incentive is implemented publicly, however, cooperation is … sustained at significantly higher rates than in either the baseline or private punishment treatments. Our design ensures that …

is the subject of this review. Its most relevant feature was the discovery that the adoption of punishment as an …

This paper explores the motivations behind punishment from unaffected third parties and affected second parties using a … that subjects are either inequity averse or selfish best explains the pattern of punishment from both third and second …

provide direct evidence on the role punishment plays in communicating norms. Importantly, this allows us to provide …Punishment typically involves depriving violators of resources they own such as money or labor. These resources can … become revenue for authorities and thus motivate profit-seeking punishment. In this paper, we design a novel experiment to …