The paper will present the conflict between the natural preference of technology transfer organisations (TTO) regarding commercialisation for the licensing option and the government preference for spin-offs. The difference in preferences is based on the impact both alternatives have on...

Over the past decades, university-industry relationships have become an important subject due to the essential role played by technological progress in the economic development of countries. From a theoretical point of view, several studies have shown the close relationship between investments...

I outline a synthesis of micro and macro levels that attempts to provide a broader conceptualization of academic entrepreneurship and an appreciation of the contextual heterogeneity of academic entrepreneurship and the implications for how it occurs. The micro-level concerns how firms...

In this paper we describe and analyse IP-based spin-offs as a relatively new phenomenon for transferring knowledge from science to industry. We argue that the effectiveness of this mechanism is subject to a complex array of institutional factors. These factors entail national, sectoral, regional...

The aim of this paper is to explain successful product and service innovation by spin-offs from public research centres and to investigate how innovativeness, stage of development, market knowledge and parent support influence the market entry and the long term market performance of spin-offs....

The research domain of innovation and entrepreneurship is relatively young and fragmented. Therefore, no consensus exists on the definition of the main concepts. In a subdomain of entrepreneurship, this paper intends to both elucidate (the differences between) the concepts of 'spin-off' and...

In this paper, we address spin-off ventures from research centres. Based on an analysis of existing empirical studies on spin-offs we identify major groups of success factors. Empirical evidence shows a notable lack of studies which refer to the technology transfer process, especially the...

Based on the case of the University of Texas at Austin, the authors provide a model of knowledge-based regional development that enables leadership and international competitiveness. In the framework of this model, University of Texas is regarded as a core of a regional innovation system. In...

The literature argues that research spin-offs (RSOs)—enterprises originating from a university or research institute—appear to have higher innovative potential and capabilities than other start-ups, at least in the early stages of their development. Yet, little is known about the innovative...