This paper developed a stochastic linear fractional programming model for industry optimization allocation base on the uncertainty of water resources incorporating chance constrained programming and fractional programming. In this paper, the stochastic linear fractional programming is used in...

We analyze strategic interaction issues that arise in service supply chain, such as consulting, service outsourcing, and travel service. To capture strategic interactions in service supply chain, we study a case where there are two service vendors providing competing service products and selling...

Wetlands in irrigated agricultural areas have great environmental benefits as agricultural pollution sinks; but agricultural development and water resources redistribution have caused these wetlands to diminish rapidly worldwide. This is the case in the YinNan Irrigation District (YNID) in the...

The YinNan Irrigation District in NingXia, China diverts each year about 1.6 - 109 m3 water from the Yellow River for irrigation use. More than half of that water is discharged back to the downstream channel or some low-lying depressions as a result of agricultural drainage. Several studies...

An interval-parameter fuzzy robust nonlinear programming (IFRNP) approach was developed for stream water quality management under uncertainty. The interval and fuzzy robust programming methods were incorporated within a general framework to address uncertainties associated with the nonlinear...

In this study, a dual-interval vertex analysis (DIVA) method is developed, through incorporating the vertex method within an interval-parameter programming framework. The developed DIVA method can tackle uncertainties presented as dual intervals that exist in the objective function and the left-...

In this study, an interval-parameter two-stage stochastic semi-infinite programming (ITSSP) method was developed for water resources management under uncertainty. As a new extension of mathematical programming methods, the developed ITSSP approach has advantages in uncertainty reflection and...

Nanodendrites consisting of silver and silver oxide are grown upon a pulsed-laser induced reaction at the interface between the solid target and silver nitrate solution. By using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer...