The European Union Directive 2008/101/EC to include aviation activities in its Emissions Trading Scheme by 2012 has met with mixed reactions. Any permit allocation method must be relatively easy to understand, implement and low in administration costs. The proposed method of allocation however...

This study proposes a group of indicators in the analysis of port performance. Section one presents a new model of analysis to evaluate how the port cargo openness, the productivity level, the cargo expansion, and the technological change adaptability can affect directly on the marginal...

The dry bulk shipping market is a major component of the international shipping market and it is characterized by high risk and volatility, in view of the uncertainty caused by factors such as the global economy, the volume and pattern of seaborne trade, and government policies. In such markets,...

Spurred by the expanding bulk shipping and technological innovations, dry bulk vessels have gained considerable development in ship types, ship design, and operation since the invention of the first specialized dry bulk carrier in the early 1950s. However, questions like: what changes in...

This article investigates the interrelationships in daily returns and volatilities between Capesize and Panamax price series in four major trading routes, the transatlantic, the fronthaul, the transpacific and the backhaul, during the sample period from 1999 to 2008. The sample is split into two...

One of the most important decisions for ship owners is to build an optimal ship for a specific business. That often corresponds to finding the optimal ship dimension speed and capacity. This article therefore attempts to construct an interactive logistic scheme including three basic systems,...

Kaolinite is one of the most naturally occurring industrial minerals, which has inherent advantages such as low cost, flame retardant, porous lamellar structure. In this paper, a novel FSPCM (form-stable phase change material) for thermal energy storage is prepared by absorbing LA (lauric acid)...

Hot dry rock geothermal energy is almost inexhaustible green energy. However, it makes slow progress in practice due to slow theory development. In this study, a three dimension thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled model of fractured media was established to simulate the extraction of HDR (Hot dry...