ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper, literature survey of theories and experience relating to technology transfer, generation and diffusion of agricultural technology - covers modernization, factor endowments, income distribution, dependence relations, agricultural research, agricultural extension...

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper, case study examining obstacles to the commercialization of local agricultural technology in Nepal - investigates constraints to manufacturing agricultural equipment and tools by small scale industry and their use by farmers; looks at agricultural extension...

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper, case study of the geographic distribution and commercialization of agricultural technology for rice grain processing in West Sumatra, Indonesia - considers farm size, land tenure, labour utilization, etc.; discusses the role of industrial extension, agricultural...

In view of the market failures and the state failures inherent in providing agricultural extension, community-based approaches, which involve farmers‘ groups, have gained increasing importance in recent years as a third way to provide this service. The paper discusses the conceptual...

In most developing countries, poverty is more widespread and severe in rural than in urban areas. The author reviews some important aspects of rural poverty and draws key implications for public policy. He presents a policy framework for reducing poverty, taking into account the functional...

In this paper we analyze the impact of the Integrated Household Extension Program (IHEP) in the Tigray region in northern Ethiopia. The government of Ethiopia – in contrast to the majority of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa – invests heavily in agricultural extension but very little...

There have been major changes in the agricultural structure in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The remade cooperatives and the unions of cooperatives are struggling. This paper examines the needs of the agricultural cooperatives in order for them to be more successful, and identifies what support will...

With the commercialization of agriculture, women are increasingly disadvantaged because of persistent gender-disparities in access to productive resources. Farmer collective action that intends to improve smallholder access to markets and technology could potentially accelerate this trend. Here,...

It is widely believed that public and private research and educational activities have led to rapid advances in the production of crops and livestock, making farmers far better off than they would have been had these technological advances not taken place. The cash receipts data for the postwar...

In emerging markets for high-value food products in developing countries, processing companies search for efficient ways to source raw material of consistent quality. One widely embraced approach is contract farming. But relatively little is known about the appropriate design of contracts,...