Building design decisions are commonly based on issues pertaining to construction cost, and consideration of energy performance is made only within the context of the initial project budget. Even where energy is elevated to more importance, operating energy is seen as the focus and embodied...

This memory, according to EU guidelines described in the White Paper 2011, focuses its attention on the quantification of the overall energy required to build and to operate an infrastructure. The issue of energy in transport has been analyzed only partially until now, focusing on the operating...

Currently, there is an increasing interest in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants as alternative to produce renewable electricity at large scale by using mirrors to concentrate the solar energy and to convert it into high temperature heat. These facilities can be combined with thermal energy...

China has surpassed the United States to be the world's largest energy consumer, but a lot of energy was used to produce products for exporting to other countries. Presently, China faces a great challenge in energy security and environmental protection. This paper focuses on the energy embodied...

For the first time, design of a major new public building in Australia has been subjected to Life-Cycle Assessment - with the aim of minimising overall environmental impact of the development. Resource depletion, emissions, and waste products were quantified from construction, use and demolition...

The exploitation of solar energy by autonomous, photovoltaic (PV) based systems offers the opportunity for satisfying the electrification needs of numerous remote consumers worldwide in an environmentally friendly way. On the other hand, the sustainable character of these systems is strongly...

The three main methods of energy analysis are outlined and a brief description given of a hybrid analysis method that makes optimum use of all three. The procedures involved in carrying out a hybrid analysis using the case of steel produced from recycled scrap are described and the embodied...

Stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems comprise one of the most promising electrification solutions for covering the demand of remote consumers. However, such systems are strongly questioned due to extreme life-cycle (LC) energy requirements. For similar installations to be considered as...

Energy from sources alternative to fossil fuels is being studied and interest in energy derived from vegetal biomass is increasing. In Brazil - mainly at Sao Paulo State -, sugarcane ethanol is being intensively produced on large-scales, giving rise to social and environmental concerns about its...

In order to solve the contradictions that the static input-output table can't be used for dynamic analysis, this paper unified the 2002, 2005 and 2007 input-output tables into 25 industries, full energy intensity and embodied energy of China's export trade can be calculated quantitatively based...