This article proposes a cognitive and empirical approach, based on in-depth semi-structured elite interviews, to analyse the extent to which the dollar is becoming a negotiated international currency in the perception of financial elites in China, Brazil and the countries of the Gulf Cooperation...

This paper proposes a theoretically-informed and empirically-grounded cognitive approach to analyse how financial elites from China, the Gulf Cooperation Council states and Brazil interpret the euro vs. dollar debate. At the theoretical level, we argue that the debate should be reframed in order...

The purpose of this paper is to use the gravity theory to study the spatial distribution and centers of gravity for the global energy-related CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> emissions and to determine how they have changed over time. The main results are as follows: (1) In 2011, global energy-related CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> emissions reached...</subscript></subscript>

To begin with, energy flow chart is used to analyze the status of China’s oil supply and consumption. Moreover, the temporal and spatial evolution of the oil production and oil products consumption in China is studied based on the gravity model. Finally, the decoupling index combined with the...

Based on the Chinese provincial panel data during the period 2003-2010, we conduct empirical test on whether China's rapidly rising prices of agricultural products narrow the urban-rural income gap. The empirical results indicate that the effects of rising agricultural prices on the urban-rural...

Since the 1980s, much of the new urban development in China has departed significantly from the traditional pedestrian and bicycle-oriented urban form. This study examines the effects of the urban spatial transformation on travel, based on a travel survey of 1709 individuals from four selected...

Based on the analysis methods of non-parametric Malmquist index and spatial econometrics as well as the panel data of provinces in 2007-2010, this paper estimates the efficiency of fiscal expenditure from local governments in china in terms of reducing the income gap between urban and rural...

We establish the two-sector economy model including the urban sector and the rural sector, derive the labor demand curve of the urban sector and rural sector under the condition of balanced production decisions with benefit maximization, and analyze the labor flow when in the short-term or...

As the country with the second largest emitter of energy-related CO2 gas, China experienced a dramatic decline in CO2 emission intensity from 1991 to 2000, but since then the rate of decline slowed and CO2 emission intensity actually increased in 2003. In this paper, the complete decomposition...

Data in practical applications (e.g., images, molecular biology, etc) is mostly characterised by high dimensionality and huge size or number of data instances. Though, feature reduction techniques have been successful in reducing the dimensionality for certain applications, dealing with high...