Combined heat and power (CHP) systems can be operated in partial loading situations when the maximum electrical and thermal output of the prime mover is not constantly required by the facility. Two basic load-following methods following the thermal load (FTL) and following the electric load...

The benefits of using a combined cooling, heating, and power system with dual power generation units (D-CCHP) is examined in nine different U.S. locations. One power generation unit (PGU) is operated at base load while the other is operated following the electric load. The waste heat from both...

The spark spread, or price differential between electricity cost and fuel cost, may be used to indicate whether a combined heating and power (CHP) system shows a cost benefit in a certain situation over a conventional separate heating and power system. This paper extends the spark spread concept...

Combined heating and power (CHP) systems may be considered for installation if they produce savings over conventional systems with separate heating and power. For a CHP system with a natural gas engine as the prime mover, the difference between the price of natural gas and the price of purchased...

Due to its capability to reduce carbon dioxide emission and to increase energy efficiency, the combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system has attracted great attention during the last decade. A large number of deterministic and stochastic optimization models have been proposed to study...

This paper presents a power generation and heat recovery model for reciprocating internal combustion engines (ICEs). The purpose of the proposed model is to provide realistic estimates of performance/efficiency maps for both electrical power output and useful thermal output for various...

Optimization of combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems operation commonly focuses only on energy cost. Different algorithms have been developed to attain optimal utilization of CCHP units by minimizing the energy cost in CCHP systems operation. However, other outcomes resulting from...