With a high penetration of intermittent energy sources in Europe, the relevance of the balancing mechanisms increases, as these sources may require additional balancing actions and increase network congestions. Germany has experienced a significant penetration of intermittent energy sources and...

Forecasting the production of photovoltaic (PV) and wind power systems inevitably implies inaccuracies. Therefore, sales made based on forecasts almost always require the vendor to make balancing efforts. In the absence of resources available within their own portfolios, operators can turn...

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of liquidity in the German intraday market for electricity. Two models that aim at explaining intraday liquidity are developed. The first model considers the fundamental merit-order and intraday adjustment needs as the drivers of liquidity...

This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on price formation in electricity markets. For this, we conduct an analysis of the German electricity wholesale spot market which is located at the European Energy Exchange (EEX). Our dataset covers three spot market segments, namely the intraday...

The Spanish electricity intraday market presents a particular design that makes it unique in Europe. The study is carried out on an hourly basis in order to identify hourly patterns in prices and traded quantities by session. The study evidences an overall growing interest from market...

In Germany and other Central and Northern European countries, energy demand for space heating dominates the energy demand of households. In line with European and national energy efficiency and emission reduction objectives, policy makers have identified the residential building sector...

This paper presents the artificial water inflow created by the photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal (ST) generator which pumps it into the upper water/energy storage of pump storage hydroelectric (PSH) for continuous green energy production. Formulas have been derived for the calculation of...

An inherent characteristic of renewable energy sources (RES)-based electricity generation systems is intermittency and non-controllability. Therefore, the prerequisite for a more significant use of RES within the energy system is the corresponding capacity of Electric Energy Storage (EES). The...

The complex and decentralised use of renewable energy sources is one of the key issues in the European Union. The main objective is to develop a safe, diversified and environment-friendly energy structure in all member states, in which process agricultural production may play an important role....

The aimof this study is to analyze the driving of investment in renewable energy sources in countries with, or without, nuclear power plants. To address these issues, a dynamic panel analysis of the renewable investment in a sample of 29 countries is proposed. Results demonstrate that...