In observational studies of HIV-1 pathogenesis to date, increased viral load has been shown to correlate with CD4 lymphocyte depletion and disease progression.$^{1-9}$ However, relatively little information is available on the kinetics of virus and CD4 lymphocyte turnover in vivo. In this...

Virtual enterprises (VE) can be viewed as a cooperative alliance of member companies. An important part of the operation of VE is how to allocate the profit among partners in uncertain environment. This case can be viewed as a fuzzy cooperation game. In this paper, we make a study of the Shapley...

China has introduced a system of community health centers (CHCs) to provide primary care. To test whether services provided by such centers are more cost-effective than treatment at local higher‐level hospitals, the study compared health outcomes and expenditures for patients with hypertension...

Between 1993 and 2003, the proportion of urban residents without health insurance rose from 27 to 50%. The probability of outpatient visits in the previous 2 weeks dropped from 19.9 to 11.8% in urban areas between 1993 and 2003, and from 16.0 to 13.9% in rural areas. To improve risk-pooling and...

India and China are two similar developing countries with huge populations, rapid economic growth and limited natural resources, therefore facing the massive pressure of ensuring food security. In this paper, we will discuss the food security situations in these two countries by studying the...

The discrepancies have played an important role in quasi-Monte Carlo methods and uniform design. Zhou et al. (2013) proposed a new type of discrepancy, mixture discrepancy (MD), and showed that MD may be a better uniformity measure than wrap-around L2-discrepancy and centered L2-discrepancy. In...

The purpose of this paper is to offer a unified discussion of variable-order differential operators in anomalous diffusion modeling. The characteristics of the new models, in contrast to constant-order fractional diffusion models, change with time, space, concentration or other independent...

The determination of overlapping degree of interfacial layers is crucial to evaluate physical properties of particulate composites. The purpose of the present work is to develop a theoretical scheme for the overlapping degree of interfacial layers around polydisperse ellipsoidal particles in...

This study examines different regularization approaches to investigate the solution stability of the method of fundamental solutions (MFS). We compare three regularization methods in conjunction with two different regularization parameters to find the optimal stable MFS scheme. Meanwhile, we...

Using sectoral intangible investment data we confirm that intangible capital is a significant determinant of labour productivity growth. The sectoral setting further allows us to identify the differential impacts of intangible capital across industries with varying degrees of ICT intensity....