consumption. Applying this insight to the huge literature on energy-GDP causality explains that the results of total energy-GDP … causality tests frequently coincide with the results of energy type-GDP tests. Using the test by Toda–Yamamoto in combination …

consumption. Applying this insight to the huge literature on energy-GDP causality explains that the results of energy-GDP … causality tests frequently coincide with the results of energy type-GDP tests. Using the test by Toda-Yamamoto in combination …

international tourism for the case of Tunisia spanning the period 1990-2010. The results from the Fisher statistic of both the Wald … emissions and output. We recommend that: (i) Tunisia should use more combustible renewables and waste energy as this eliminates …

economy as well as for industry, transport, and residential sectors for Tunisia during the period 1980-2007. The application …

causality and the sign (in the panel sense) between energy consumption (EC) and the gross-domestic product (GDP) for seventeen … impact on GDP. Causality runs from EC to GDP in the short-run, while the long-run causal linkage exists from GDP to EC. This …

strong we do however find a sub-period from 1987-1989 where energy consumption has a causal effect on GDP growth. Except for …

The aim of this paper is to examine the direction of causality between real GDP on the one hand and final energy and … bootstrap tests show that for total energy consumption, there exists no causal relationship in either direction with GDP of … consumption to GDP. This clearly has important implications for the Indian economy. The most important implication is that curbing …