CeO2 thin films were deposited on Si, Al, Ti–6Al–4V alloy, Si3N4 and glass substrates by magnetron sputtering at room temperature. Growth of CeO2 films on Si and Si3N4 and effect of annealing were investigated by XRD, FESEM and AFM. Interaction between deposited CeO2 films and Si, Al,...

Direct current electrodeposition of Co–P alloy coatings were carried out using gluconate bath and they were characterized by employing techniques like XRD, FESEM, DSC and XPS. Broad XRD lines demonstrate the amorphous nature of Co–P coatings. Spherical and rough nodules are observed on the...

Co–W alloy coatings were deposited with direct current (DC) and pulse current (PC) electrodeposition methods using gluconate bath at pH5 and characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and...

This paper provides empirical evidence that power tariff reform with <italic>pro rata</italic> pricing and higher unit rates for electricity not only would promote equity, efficiency and sustainability in groundwater use, but also would be socio-economically viable for small-holder farmers. It shows that the...

A detailed study was conducted in six districts of Gujarat, India, in gravity- and lift-irrigated commands of the Sardar Sarovar Project to assess the direct and indirect benefits of canal irrigation. Benefits such as savings in the cost of energy used to pump groundwater for irrigation,...