Clusters are a specific form of spatial organization of various sectors of industry and services regarded as the most mature form of organization of production in the post-industrial era. Research on existing cluster structures clearly demonstrates that clusters can be an important drive of...

The first economic clusters appeared more than 200 years ago when classical economists noted that businesses are spread unevenly and concentrated in certain geographical areas. Even today, concentration of competing and collaborating businesses is something that differentiates geographical...

A formal status of being a metropolitan area opens up vast opportunities for economic and social development for the whole region and a metropolitan area itself. However, literally only few big urban areas in Poland, including Lublin, are capable to meet all applicable statutory qualitative and...

The role of cluster initiatives in economic and social development is becoming increasingly important. Low level of innovation, poor competitiveness, high levels of unemployment and emigration of qualified workforce are severe problems that less developed regions are facing. Therefore, various...

A shortfall of capital constitutes a major barrier of regional and local development. Introduced economical and social transformations started a decade ago had opened Polish economy to the inflow of foreign capital. Both the central government as well as regional and even local authorities spent...

Past experience of European Union member states acknowledge significant role of regions in the process of European integration. As a matter of fact regions compete for capital but what should be simultaneously highlighted they also collaborate in many fields. To a large extent regional and local...