Published by the World Bank (as “Adjusted Net Savings”) for around 160 countries, Genuine Savings (GS) presents the …

structure. Research and innovation, including R&D investment, product and process innovation, knowledge diffusion and technology …

, or they depreciate. They cannot accumulate from an age of piracy to an age of industry. Yet modern growth theory …, unhappily, reinstates as initiating the theory of stages and, especially, capital accumulation. They are not initiating, whether … in physical or human capital. Innovation 1700-2010 pushed the marginal product of all capitals steadily out, and the …

-offending goods from abroad. We explain the paradoxical outcome where the North gains from weaker IPR enforcement in the South through …We construct a model of dynamic endogenous product innovation and international trade, using it to calculate the … welfare effects of lower intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in the non-innovating South than in the innovating …

multinational firm is implanted in the North and the South. The North designs and makes the higher quality products. In the South … benefits from the large pool of cheaper labor, and leads the efforts of innovation in the South. Final goods and intermediate … apply, because they depend on local taste. The workers in the North and the South thereby benefit from both types of goods …

This paper develops a dynamic general equilibrium model of North-South trade and economic growth in a world economy … with a continuum of countries. Countries are different in research productivity. Innovation, imitation and the relative …