This paper describes science and technology (S&T) metrics, especially impact of metrics on strategic management. The main messages to be conveyed from this paper are: (1) metrics play many roles in supporting management of the S&T enterprise; (2) metrics can influence S&T development incentives;...

The structure of knowledge systems is a crucial component of the effort to make these systems effective and acceptable to users. This paper argues that the structure must correspond with the nature of knowledge, as the externalization of cognitive phenomena, in the form of intellectual nuggets...

Why do scientists and engineers in government laboratories and private companies cooperate and exchange and commercialize technology? What are the factors that impact the propensity to commercialize and the success of such collaborations? These research questions were explored in the extant...

Why and how do Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) contribute to the strategic competitiveness of organizations? This paper reviews the literature and proposes a model in which KMS is viewed from three different perspectives: (1) crucial resource; (2) driver of absorptive capacity; and (3)...

This paper proposes an integrated model of R & D evaluation which links the cost of research with its various outputs, from proximal or immediate to the intermediate outputs in the client organizations of the R & D performer. This model differs from previous models in that it consolidates both...

In the field of research and development (R&D), "state-of-the-art" project selection models are not being widely adopted. This paper reports on the results of an attempt to develop, test, and evaluate systematically an R&D project selection technique in an operating R&D organization. The...

The design of a long term research program on the organization of R and D in decentralized companies is presented. The decentralized firm and the various deployments of R and D in such firms are described. Data is given on the incidence of the various organizational forms in five industry...

The organizational factors which can influence the "effectiveness" of a management science activity are discussed in this paper. The discussion is based on some preliminary findings from a series of studies, performed by Northwestern University, on the life histories of OR/MS groups in 66 large...

Based on the notion that the process of assessing probabilities of technical success for R&D projects is composed of four phases--the perception phase, the evaluation phase, the transformation phase, and the review phase--three types of variables are identified as accounting for individual...

Some of the major issues discussed by the panel members at this meeting are summarized. Among them are: The role of social sciences in management science; role differentiation of the manager, the management scientist and the management researcher; and the need for increased study of values and...