The tanker shipping market has been treated as the key extension of the world oil market and inevitably, its uncertainty is correlated to volatility of the oil market, besides supply and demand factors. Therefore, for improving operational management and budget planning decisions, it is...

Country risk not only reflects the overall risk of a given economy but also offers other more comprehensive risk information for stakeholders' decision-making. Different from previous studies focusing on oil import portfolio risk, this paper expands the scope of risk exposure from the micro risk...

Risk aggregation considering inter-risk dependence has always been a challenge to both researchers and practitioners. The objective of this study is to formulate ways of aggregation of bank risks and comprehensively compare simple summation, variance–covariance and copula approach. Firstly,...

External oil supply risk is an important aspect of energy security and oil import diversification is viewed as one of the most effective measures to reduce supply risk. By using the diversification index approach, this research attempts to assess external oil supply risks of oil importers with...

Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) are state-owned investment funds that invest in real and financial assets. Since the global financial crisis in 2008, SWFs' investments have resulted in national security concerns of host countries because SWFs continue to expand rapidly and have become increasingly...

Recently, the number of consultative documents and research papers that discuss risk integration has grown considerably. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the work done on risk integration in the banking industry. This survey includes: (1) risk integration methods within regulatory...

Oil economies in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) region, with geographical proximity to each other, are usually impacted by some common risk factors, which make their country risks closely correlated. This paper focuses on correlation between country risks and investigates the spillovers of...

In order to dynamize the static Gaussian copula model of portfolio credit risk, we introduce a model filtration made of a reference Brownian filtration progressively enlarged by the default times. This yields a multidimensional density model of default times, where, as opposed to the classical...

Given n terminals in the Euclidean plane and a positive constant l, find a Steiner tree T interconnecting all terminals with the minimum total cost of Steiner points and a specific material used to construct all edges in T such that the Euclidean length of each edge in T is no more than l. In...

We consider the offline scheduling problem to minimize the makespan on m parallel and identical machines with certain features. Each job and machine are labeled with the grade of service (GoS) levels, and each job can only be executed on the machine whose GoS level is no more than that of the...