working document that helps inform the development of country partnership strategies. This energy sector ASR updates …

The iron-based Coal-Direct Chemical Looping (CDCL) combustion process is an alternative to conventional oxy … instead of an air separation unit. The iron oxide is reduced using coal in the reducer reactor, producing highly-pure CO2 in … parametric optimization. This paper discusses recent parametric operational experience with sub-bituminous coal as the fuel …

(different sources of energy) and compares transitions across countries, exemplified by the wood to coal transition in England …The paper focuses on energy transitions in Europe over the last four centuries. Special attention is given to the … models of theoretical explanations for the historical energy transitions and how these may be empirically assessed. The twin …

Die Bedeutung von Kohle wird heute oft unterschätzt, da sie lange als eine Ressource der Vergangenheit galt. Dabei ist … Kohle nach wie vor Grundpfeiler der Stromerzeugung in den meisten Ländern: Ein Viertel des weltweiten … Primärenergieverbrauchs wird durch Kohle gedeckt. Während die größten Kohleproduzenten China, USA und Indien auch gleichzeitig die größten …

role in the global energy sector. We develop a complementarity model of the international market for steam coal. We want to …With its resource availability and the prospect of climate friendly technology, coal continues to play an important … analyze the level of competition in this market which is strategic for the importers' security of energy supply. In a spatial …

The production, transportation and consumption of energy resources, especially of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and … natural gas, generate negative environmental externalities including air pollution. The use of energy resources are the …, energy and industrial infrastructures, and coastal areas. In the case of local pollutants, their concentration in the ambient …

process of economic development. And whereas, energy is linked with the capacity to perform, the rate at which energy is … ability to affect the course of events(such as ICT revolution) will be a function of the extent to which its energy …

wird zum überwiegenden Teil mit Stromerzeugung aus Kohle betrieben. Trotz Reformstau im Strom- und Kohlesektor geht derzeit …

energy consumption is provided by coal. While the world's largest coal producers, China, the USA and India, are at the same …Coal has for many years been considered as a resource of the past and as a result its importance has been … underestimated. Yet coal still is the main pillar for generating electricity in most countries: A quarter of the worldwide primary …