growth in real terms whereas GDP has grown around 2.5 percent p.a. Moreover, this overall difference in performance masks …

, and acts of terrorism. We show this fact for football (soccer) by adjusting power laws that show a close relationship … between rank and points won by the clubs participating in the latest seasons of the top fifteen European football leagues. In …

football. …

Some Researchers consider soccer matches as the stylization of a war in other battlefields. Such approach was largely … used to interpret the violent phenomena related to the soccer environment, while less attention has been paid to the … the pitch. In our paper we empirically investigate if and how political hostility among countries reverberates on a soccer …

; and fourth, soccer. Comprehensive rating systems exist for three codes. For American college football, the Bowl … losing to a strong team, arguably a fair and efficient methods for rating competitors. For soccer, FIFA have improved the …Comprehensive rankings of football teams have become an important, and occasionally controversial, feature of many …