Four studies investigate how consumers' regulatory orientation and the decision strategies used to process message information affect their judgments. Evaluations of the chosen brand were more favorable when individuals with a prevention focus used decision strategies that enhanced the accuracy...

A large literature demonstrates that people process information more carefully in states of low compared to high confidence. This article presents an alternative hypothesis that either high or low confidence can increase or decrease information processing on the basis of how information is...

The depletion effect occurs when individuals who exert self‐control in a previous task (i.e., depleted individuals) exhibit less self‐control on a subsequent task relative to individuals who did not previously exert self‐control. This article presents two experiments that implicate construal...

Six experiments examine how exerting self-control systematically influences subsequent decision making. Exerting self-control led individuals to rely on feasibility over desirability attributes, favor secondary over primary attributes, and choose products framed in a proximal rather than distal...

This research proposes that after an experience of being excluded, consumers may strategically choose products to differentiate themselves from the majority of others as a result of their appraisal of the exclusion situation. Experiments 1 and 2 show that when excluded individuals perceive that...

This research examines the effects of social exclusion on a critical aspect of consumer behavior, financial decision-making. Specifically, four lab experiments and one field survey uncover how feeling isolated or ostracized causes consumers to pursue riskier but potentially more profitable...

Theoretical work on indexation and contract duration suggests no role for the expected rate of inflation in equations explaining these variables. Yet, stand-alone or two-equation studies of indexation and contract duration often report that this variable is statistically significant. We study a...

We present an account of the background, principles and requirements for the classification of Chinese coals. A great deal of experimental work has been carried out on a wide variety of rich coal resources in China. Studies have been conducted on classification parameters for coals with low,...

Optimal sections have been applied to the classification of bituminous coals according to the magnitudes of the parameters Vr and (G)R.I., which reflect metamorphism and caking properties of coal, respectively. The points at which the sections are divided and the number of groups are determined...